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VOLUME 4 ISSUE 4 (JULY-AUGUST 2020)

VOLUME 4 ISSUE 4 (JULY-AUGUST 2020)

  • State Management of Salaries in Enterprises in Vietnam
    Original Research Article
    Country Vietnam
  • Pages 01-09
  • Thi Yen Doan || Thi Hong Nguyen
  • Abstract | pdf Pdf
  • Based on the research of the legal framework on salary in enterprises in Vietnam, the information collected and evaluated from the state management agencies on salaries and survey data of 40 enterprises; the study has focused on analyzing the state management of salary in enterprises in Vietnam in the period of 2013-2019 with the following main contents: formulating and implementing salary policies in enterprises; inspecting and examining the implementation of policies; the state's supporting role for enterprises in this field. The study showed the successes and limitations of the state management of salaries in enterprises in Vietnam, and proposed recommendations and solutions to improve the state management of salaries in enterprises in Vietnam in the coming time.


  • The Nexus between Private Domestic Investment, Economic Instability and Economic Growth in Cameroon
    Original Research Article
    Country Cameroon
  • Pages 10-19
  • Gildas Dohba Dinga || Elvis Dze Achuo || Chuo Joshua Njuh || Mbinkar Mbiydzenge Linus
  • Abstract | pdf Pdf
  • One of the principal concerns of economic policy today in developing countries is the desire to put in place appropriate policies that will render a better business environment and increase economic performance. This paper has as primordial objective, to empirically analyse the nature of the link between domestic investment, economic growth and economic instability in Cameroon from 1977-2014. To realise this objective, data was collected from the World Bank. The principal component analyses technic was used to reduce the key variables and the analyses done using the Vector Autoregressive model following the Toda Yamamoto (1995) specifications. The result from the Toda Yamamoto granger non causality test used shows that there is a unidirectional relationship from private domestic investment to economic growth in Cameroon. Equally, there exist a bidirectional relationship between private domestic investment and economic instability, while a unidirectional link exists from economic growth to economic instability. Consequently, the state of Cameroon should continue to encourage domestic investment and promote small and medium size enterprises so as to acquire higher growth rates.


  • Proposed hybrid takaful (Islamic insurance) model for mental health illnesses among low income earners in Malaysia
    Original Research Article
    Country Vietnam
  • Pages 20-27
  • Khairil Faizal KHAIRI || Nur Hidayah LAILI || Manh Dung TRAN
  • Abstract | pdf Pdf
  • This research is conducted to address the risk of mental health illness through hybrid takaful (Islamic insurance) product for low income earners in Malaysia. We adopt a qualitative approach by using the content analysis technique through analysing the related document, report from different agencies and prior literature.The results portray that an innovative and interactive mental health takaful product is needed in the market in Malaysia in preserve the benefits of coverage to mental health patients and prevent harm to mental wellbeing holistically. This augurs well toward achieving the sustainable development goals (SDGs) through universal health coverage for the public health in Malaysia. It provides insight into the takaful industry to introduce hybrid takaful model with more effort from finance ministry, financial institutions and related responsible bodies in designing, developing and appropriate promotion and awareness interventions before wider coverage for mental illnesses is available in the market so that the product in reach the target group of people.


  • Application of Sharia Accounting Principles in Sharia Financial Institutions
    Original Research Article
    Country Indonesia
  • Pages 28-34
  • Hernawaty || Heriyati Chrisna
  • Abstract | pdf Pdf
  • This study aims to explain the perceptions of accountants in two BMT institutions towards the principles of sharia accounting in Islamic financial institutions. This type of research that uses qualitative methods for survey respondents is two accountants who work at BMT As-Salam and BMT-Mojoagung in Jombang. The results showed that according to accountants in the two BMTs where they worked had applied the principles of sharia, humanist, emancipatory, transcendental, and theological accounting even though the application was not perfect. Balance and fairness for owners, managers, and users of funds may be a dilemma in operations


  • The Effect of Financial and Non-Financial Compensation on Performance of Employees
    Original Research Article
    Country Indonesia
  • Pages 35-39
  • Galih Supraja
  • Abstract | pdf Pdf
  • This research aims to determine the influence of financial and non-financial compensation on employee's work performance. This study was held at the IKIP College of Gunung Sitoli. The research was conducted in August 2019. The number of samples in this study was 28 respondents. Data analysis using multiple linear regression tests. The results showed that in the unison of financial and non financially compensation was significant to the employee's work achievement. The partial financial and non-financial compensation has a significant effect on employee achievement. Financial compensation has a more dominant influence on job performance than financial compensation.


  • The Effect of Organizational Culture, Work Motivation, Job Satisfaction and Organizational Commitment on Employee Performance
    Original Research Article
    Country Indonesia
  • Pages 40-46
  • Soulthan Saladin Batubara || Suwarno
  • Abstract | pdf Pdf
  • This research is conducted to address the risk of mental health illness through hybrid takaful (Islamic insurance) product for low income earners in Malaysia. We adopt a qualitative approach by using the content analysis technique through analysing the related document, report from different agencies and prior literature.The results portray that an innovative and interactive mental health takaful product is needed in the market in Malaysia in preserve the benefits of coverage to mental health patients and prevent harm to mental wellbeing holistically. This augurs well toward achieving the sustainable development goals (SDGs) through universal health coverage for the public health in Malaysia. It provides insight into the takaful industry to introduce hybrid takaful model with more effort from finance ministry, financial institutions and related responsible bodies in designing, developing and appropriate promotion and awareness interventions before wider coverage for mental illnesses is available in the market so that the product in reach the target group of people.


  • Support System to Determine The Priority of Bridge Improvement Using Topsis Method in Transmigration Department of Kapuas District, Indonesia
    Original Research Article
    Country Indonesia.
  • Pages 47-58
  • Juhriyansyah Dalle || Donny Saputra Tinggam
  • Abstract | pdf Pdf
  • Kapuas Regency Transmigration office is a government institution tasked with handling infrastructure infrastructures such as roads and bridges that are related to daily community activities. The Kapuas District Transmigration Office to determine priorities for bridge repair is still done manually, that is, field workers receive community opinions to do bridge repairs then the field workers notify the office to do bridge repairs, whereas up to now the priority bridges have been repaired are still in good category and there are still other bridges that need to be repaired. This causes the budget allocation for bridge repair in the Kapuas Regency Transmigration Office to be inaccurate and this also takes a long time and is considered to be less on target and is questionable for its accuracy because of the large amount of bridge data available. Given these problems, a Decision Support System is needed. Determining priorities for bridge repairs is done using the Topsis Method. There are several bridge criteria assessed in this study, namely the bridge floor, bridge holder, footstools, bridge wing walls, bridge back walls, connections, surface layers, sidewalks, backrests and the ranking of each criterion is performed. From the results of this Decision Support System, it can facilitate the Kapuas District Transmigration Office in determining which bridges will be repaired first.


  • The Implementation of Budget Based on Performance in Improving the Performance of Local Government Sub Sites Datuk Bandar Tanjung Balai
    Original Research Article
    Country Indonesia
  • Pages 59-67
  • Anggi Pratama Nst || Ikhah Malikhah
  • Abstract | pdf Pdf
  • Performance-Based on a budget (CREW) can be interpreted as a form of the budget resources that are connected with the results from the ministry of the level of government. The budget itself is drafted based on the approach of performance-oriented towards the output. The budget cycle is the period or the period starts when the budget is drawn up until the time of the calculation of the budget passed with the laws. The budget cycle consists of several stages (phase) namely: preparation stage, Stage Ratification, implementation phase, and levels of reporting and evaluation. This research done on the entire office is in the sub-district Datuk Bandar, Tanjung Balai. The purpose of this research is to know how the implementation of budget based on performance in improving the performance of Local Government with the case study in Datuk Bandar Tanjung Balai. Data retrieved using questioner on that acquired from the User of the Power Budget and the treasurer on 5 subs and 1 sub-districts in the sub-district Datuk Bandar City Tanjung Balai and then the data is processed using the methods of descriptive methods analytically with qualitative approach. The results of this study mention that the entire performance-based budget activities including planning, implementation, reporting, and evaluation as a form of performance improvement in all institutions that there is in a sub-district Datuk Bandar, Tanjung Balai who have been appropriate or run well.


  • Demand Analysis of Noodle as Staple Food in Surabaya
    Original Research Article
    Country Indonesia
  • Pages 68-75
  • Fri Diana Kusumaningtias || Lia Widyawati || Evi Thelia Sari
  • Abstract | pdf Pdf
  • Noodles as staple food is processed in various menu. There was no prior studies in noodle demand analysis in Surabaya, Indonesia.This study aims to examine the influence of price and buyers’ income on the noodle sales in a noodle restaurant. Using 30 respondents by convenience sampling method, the nominal data were collected in March 2020. The methodology used is quantitative approach with multiple linear analysis, F Test, and T Test. Using Primary data and the results of a questionnaire conducted with a population of 30 men and women aged 19-40 years. The results of this study indicate no significant effect between the price of noodles and the average income to the sales of noodle simultaneously. Whereas, partially, there is significant effect of the price of noodles although there’s no effect of average income on the sale of noodle at the noodle restaurant. The contribution of those independent variables (noodle prices and average income) to the dependent variable (noodle sales) is very low, which shows only 5.30% means that the other variables may influence the noodles sales at the restaurant.


  • Role of Money Waqf and Its Contributions in Minimizing Government and External Debt Poverty in Indonesia
    Original Research Article
    Country Indonesia
  • Pages 76-80
  • Dito Aditia Darma Nasution
  • Abstract | pdf Pdf
  • Waqf is known in Islam as the Jariyyah charity worship that will be carried out after the death of a Muslim, but in this study, the writer discusses that waqf not only contributes to the worship of Islam alone even for the benefit of a country where it can prosper the Indonesian people to pay the country's debt. In 2019, the Government has established a Sukuk cash waqf link in cooperation with 2 Islamic banks, Muamalat Bank and BNI Syariah Bank, both banks collect funds from the public in the form of certified cash waqf. This is certainly very beneficial for the State of Indonesia where every Muslim and non-Muslim who has excess or no excess assets makes cash waqf at the bank. In this study, the authors explain the important role of cash waqf or money waqf which is very different from previous research. In this study, there are several important roles of waqf money in minimizing government foreign debt and minimizing poverty that occurs in Indonesia.


  • Multiculturalism and Entrepreneurial Engagement Levels Among Early-Stage Firms
    Original Research Article
    Country Cameroon
  • Pages 81-94
  • Bafon Claude N.|| Douanla Jean C. || Sundjo Fabien
  • Abstract | pdf Pdf
  • This paper has as objective to identify the determinants of opportunity recognition among early-stage firms in a multicultural environment. Given that most research works agreed that, individuals‟ locus of control, need for achievement, entrepreneurial alertness and risk tolerance permit the acquisition of knowledge; the knowledge spill-over theory holds that acquired knowledge still remains potentially viable for the recognition of more entrepreneurial opportunities. The independent variables of this study consist of; general culture awareness, multicultural efficacy, multi fluency, acceptance, broad role repertoire and groundedness. To obtain data for the study, a questionnaire was administered to 120 respondents‟owner-managers of micro and small early-stage enterprises and the ordered probit model was used to analyze the data. The results indicated that entrepreneurial alertness is a major determinant factor for increasing the zeal to acquire multicultural competencies. Also, general culture awareness, multi fluency, multicultural efficacy and broad role repertoire prove their existential effect though having a relative meaning or lesser degree of importance on the recognition of more entrepreneurial opportunities. This confirm the positive contribution that multicultural competencies have on entrepreneurial opportunity recognition. From our findings, we recommend that owner-managers of young businesses at early-stage should develop their existing knowledge in business operations through acquiring multicultural competencies. This will help increase the effectiveness of growth expectations for their young businesses through the recognition of more potential entrepreneurial opportunities.


  • Analysis of the Effects of Capital Expenditure and HDI on Economic Growth and Poverty in East Aceh District
    Original Research Article
    Country Indonesia
  • Pages 95-101
  • Puja Rizqy Ramadhan
  • Abstract | pdf Pdf
  • The purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of regional government capital expenditure and human development index partially and simultaneously on economic growth and poverty. Local government capital expenditure variables and human development index as exogenous variables, while economic growth and poverty as endogenous variables. This research uses time-series data with time series from 2005-2015. The analysis method uses path analysis with the Eviews program. The results of the study with a significance level of 5% indicate that simultaneously capital expenditure and human development index have no significant effect on economic growth, then simultaneously capital expenditure and human development index have a significant effect on poverty and simultaneously capital expenditure and human development index have a significant effect on poverty through economic growth. Partially capital expenditure has a positive and not significant effect on economic growth, then partially the human development index has a negative and not significant effect on economic growth and capital expenditure has a negative and not significant effect on poverty and the human development index has a positive and not significant effect on economic growth.


  • Bangaladeshi Ready Made Garments Industry: Past and Future
    Original Research Article
    Country Malaysia
  • Pages 102-110
  • Nilufar Yasmin || Valliappan Raju
  • Abstract | pdf Pdf
  • This paper has two phases; in first phase highlights as, Bangladeshi Ready Made Garments (RMG) has passed through a number of domestic as well as international challenges. Few of those challenges are traced out in this study from industrial development point of view. The second phase is related ot the brand loyalt of customers buying ready made garments , Stratetgic Literature Reiview (SLR) has been drawn on the concept of brand loyalty and related influencing factors. This paper suggests that firms need to pay attention towards the brand loyalty of the customers by mapping their expectations from the brands otherwise they may not be able to move towards the international markets and compete among international brands.


  • Influence of the strategic techniques implementation on competitive advantage of dry cell battery manufacturers in Kenya: A Case Study of Eveready East Africa Limited
    Original Research Article
    Country Kenya
  • Pages 111-126
  • Dr. Caleb Odhiambo Onjure
  • Abstract | pdf Pdf
  • The corporate organizations are facing cut throat competition, illiquidity, capital in-adequacy, and threatened growth in wealth, especially the dry cell battery manufacturing companies in Kenya. They have been faced by dire consequences of fundamental changes taking place in the business environment, such as liberation of both domestic and foreign market; reform programs aimed at modernization of the capital market. The study sought therefore to establish the influence of strategic techniques put in place by dry cell battery manufacturing companies in Kenya on their quest for competitive advantage. Specifically, the study sought to establish how product development, technology innovation, and competitor’s analysis implementation influences the competitive advantage of dry cell battery manufacturing companies in Kenya. Research design was a case study. The target population was all dry cell battery manufacturing companies listed in the Nairobi Stock Exchange Market, which was one company (Eveready East Africa Limited). The unit of analysis was 250 employees. Sample size of 79 employees was derived from the target population. Stratified proportional sampling was used. The study used both primary and secondary data. The main instrument in data collection was semi-structured questionnaire, which was issued to employees at senior level management, middle level management, first level management, and junior staff. The Collected data was coded, analyzed, and presented in form of tables and figures by statistical packages for social science (SPSS). The study established that technology innovation, product development, and competitor’s analysis have statistically significant influence on the competitive advantage of dry cell manufacturing companies in Kenya. Based on findings, the study concluded that the company faces serious specific challenges that required immediate attention. The study recommended for improvement in technology innovation and change in governance to the organization, further reduction in cost of production, and human resource development, among other recommendations.


  • The longevity of family businesses in the transport industry. Lessons from Zimbabwe
    Original Research Article
    Country Zimbabwe
  • Pages 127-136
  • Martin Dandira || Tendai Silvaziso Mandere || King Christopher Muchenje || Maxwell Chufama
  • Abstract | pdf Pdf
  • Family-owned businesses contribute to the economy globally but the extent to which family businesses contribute to the global economy continues to be difficult to quantify accurately. This is because of the private nature of family-owned businesses that most of the information is not available readily. Though family businesses contribute to the economy significantly they are fraught with challenges. There are many family businesses in Zimbabwe and there are the major contributors of wealth and employment creation in the economy but the major challenge is that many family businesses in Zimbabwe do not survive beyond the demise of the founder, their survival has been fraught with challenges since time immemorial, even in the Rhodesian era the family businesses that flourished which did not survive to the second and third-generation includes: Bulawayo‟s Happy Valley Hotel, Pelandaba Road Services, Mboma Super Buses of Highfields, M and A Special Bus Service, Farai Uzumba Buses and stores, after independence in the transport industry include Shoe Shine Bus Service, Musasiwa Bus Service, Kuwirirana Bus Service, Mhunga Bus Service, Chikozho Bus Service, Rutsvara Bus Service, the list goes on. Many of these businesses collapsed upon the death of the founder. Therefore this study seeks to analyze factors that affect the longevity of family businesses in Zimbabwe and lessons that can be learned from their demise.


  • Evaluating the Effect of Job Rotation on Employee Retention and Satisfaction: a Case Study of Zambia Telecommunications Company Limited (Zamtel) Finance Department
    Original Research Article
    Country Zambia
  • Pages 137-145
  • Moscane Hampongo || Dr David Foya
  • Abstract | pdf Pdf
  • Management strategists in most organizations are faced with challenges of attracting and retaining top-notch employees within their organizations. Apart from attractive monetary compensation, leaves, job rotation as a method of employee retention has least been researched on. Therefore, the use of an effective strategy for the proper management of job rotation program has great importance and aids in minimizing the negative impacts of circulation. For this reason,this study sought to evaluate the effectiveness of Job rotation on job satisfaction and job retention at ZAMTEL Zambia Limited. In pursing this objective, the study utilized a case study approach in seeking to describe the Job rotation process in place within ZAMTEL’S finance department and ascertaining the effect of Job rotation on employee satisfaction. Further, Exploratory and descriptive designs, which aimed to look into the effectiveness of job rotation on the performance of employees, were employed in the study. As a result, an inductive approach was adopted towards the analysis of the research findings.The study made use of primary and secondary data to facilitate the collecting of both qualitative and quantitative information on the subject. The study found that the hypothesis that states that the use of Job rotation results in an increase in employee satisfaction was not statistically significant. Notwithstanding this, ZAMTEL employees have positive attitude towards the practice of Job rotation. The study found that about 72.5 % of the respondents support the practice of Job rotation while only 6.0 % registered strong negative attitude towards Job rotation. The attitude of employees towards Job rotation was not influenced by the employee’s age, marital status, sex and economic status. However, the case of Zamtel has shown that the relationship of the key variables is not statistically significant. Notwithstanding that, it was observed that other key variables such as incentives, promotions, longer employment contracts, independence from government in its operations needed to be explored further to understand the key contributors to job satisfaction and retention at the company.The study recommended that ZAMTEL should regularly utilise the practice of job rotation to increase the level of Job satisfaction. The study further recommended that there was need to incentivize employees at ZAMTEL as they are not deriving satisfaction from job rotation. It was also recommended that the government should continue to capitalize the company so that it is made more attractive to the employees to encourage retention in the Finance Department.


  • Prospects and Challenges of Managing Small Scale Manufacturing Businesses in Enugu East Senatorial Zone, Enugu State Nigeria
    Original Research Article
    Country Nigeria
  • Pages 146-154
  • Emeh, Ndidiamaka Chioma || Monanu, Gloria Ogechukwu
  • Abstract | pdf Pdf
  • The study analysed the prospects and challenges of managing small-scale manufacturing businesses in Enugu East Senatorial zone of Enugu State, Nigeria. The objectives were to examine the effect of poor planning on the management of small-scale manufacturing businesses, as well as investigate the effect of lack of finance on small-scale manufacturing enterprises. The study adopted the survey design. The population consists of thirty-nine (39) employees and management in specific businesses (vegetable oil and paint manufacturing) which were purposely selected and considered to be the sample. Primary data were used for this study and they were sourced through administration of structured questionnaire designed on a five-point Likert scale. The data collected were analysed using descriptive statistics while the hypotheses were tested with ordinal logistic regression using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20. The finding of the study showed that poor planning negatively affected the management of small-scale manufacturing business. Also, result revealed that lack of finance negatively affected small scale manufacturing enterprises. Thus, it was recommended that government and non- government organizations should endeavour to organize periodic training for small scale manufacturing business owners and managers as a way of mentoring them in proper management and improving their sustainability and contribution to the national economy. More so, financial institutions are encouraged to advance soft loan to small entrepreneurs at a low rate of interest for sustainable development of small enterprises into medium/large enterprises.


  • The Effect of Servant Leadership, Organizational Trust, Leader Trust on Organizational Commitment of Member BASARNAS in Nusa Tenggara Barat Province
    Original Research Article
    Country Indonesia
  • Pages 155-161
  • WayanEka Kurniawan || I NyomanNugrahaArdana Putra || Sri Tatminingsih
  • Abstract | pdf Pdf
  • This study aims to examine the effect of servant leadership on organizational commitment through leader trust and organizational trust as mediators. The research was conducted at the Nusa Tenggara Barat BASARNAS office. The research method used a survey with a questionnaire instrument. The sampling technique used purposive sampling with a sample size of 108 people. Data analysis and testing were carried out using structural equation modeling with AMOS software. The results of this study indicate that servant leadership has a significant effect on leader trust and organizational trust, leader trust and organizational trust have a significant effect on organizational commitment, and leader trust and organizational trust mediate the effect of servant leadership on organizational commitment. The implications of the research result prove that servant leadership plays a role in increasing the organizational commitment of employees.