The study aimed to determine which domain in the human resource management practices best influences the organizational culture in plastic manufacturing company. The study employed quantitative non-experimental research utilizing correlational technique with 200 employees as test respondents in Macondray Plastics Products, Inc., Panabo area. Mean, Pearson r and Regression were the statistical tools used for the data treatment. Data were gathered in the human resources management practices and organizational culture through two adopted questionnaires. Results show a high level of human resource management practices and organizational culture. Further, the study revealed that human resource management practices are very high in terms of professional training, career management, and retention. A significant relationship between human resource management practices and organizational culture of employees was also established. Notably, when regressed, retention posted to have a significant influence on organizational culture, hence, considered to be the best predictor of organizational culture.

The primary purpose of this study was to determine the best fit model on e-booking among hotel guests in Region XII. There are four conceptual models applied in this study which is composed of service quality, customer loyalty, brand equity and e-booking were studied and further determined their relationship. This research undertaking was done in Region XII with 425 respondents in which it utilized a quantitative non-experimental research design. To determine the best fit model of the study, a structural equation modelling technique was employed. Based on the findings, service quality, customer loyalty, and brand equity significantly correlate with e-booking intentions of hotel guests. Also, all the variables have a very high rating as indicated by the overall mean scores. Accordingly, service quality, customer loyalty, and brand equity are considered to be the most important component of e-booking. Therefore, these elements form a part of the booking journey of guests when looking for accommodations online. As to the best fit model of the study, reliability and tangibility remained under service quality, cognitive loyalty and action loyalty remained under customer loyalty, brand awareness and brand image remained for brand equity and for e-booking price and purchase intentions remained.

Anti-Drugs Youth Alliance (APAN) is a non-government organization that is engaged in the scope of prevention of drug abuse in South Kalimantan. Although this organization has existed for more than a year until now it still does not have a system that supports its implementation of activities and information. Besides that, problem, another main problem which was found in this study is about the membership management of South Kalimantan APAN, because the member of APAN is widespread in each district and cities in all over the South Kalimantan Area. Based on that problem, this group project implementation aims to make an information system that can manage the South Kalimantan APAN web-based membership system. In this website making, the South Kalimantan APAN information system uses the prototyping method, so that developers and users can have an interaction between one and another along the system making process. The South Kalimantan APAN membership information system that is made is in a form of a website, so it can be accessed by using a computer, laptop, and smartphone at anytime and anywhere if it is connected to the internet.

The purpose of the research study was to explore the Influence of Implementation of Quality Management Practices (QMP) on Operational Performance (OP) of Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET) Institutions in Sri Lanka and the study focuses on North Central Province (NCP). QMP can be defined as a systematic approach to improvement of quality in organizations business processes. The aim of improving the performance is all about of its service quality, profitability, customer satisfaction, and productivity. The TVET includes the process of skill-development of the workforce working in the industry of a country. After the implementation of QMP in the organizations then later organizations' management faced an issue, that there is a problem of low operational performance in (TVET) Institutions in many provinces. In the research study participated 202 students in many trade courses at TVET Institutions in NCP and a questionnaire used to gather data of QMP in the institution, student satisfaction and service quality. The results were analyzed using the SPSS software and used descriptive analysis, multiple regression analysis, correlations and t-test as analytical tools. Results revealed that there is a poor relationship between operational performance and customer focus and communication. However, the QMPs such as Employee Involvement and Continuous Improvement verified strong and significant relationship. It indicates that these TVET Institutions are not properly applying the QMP such as customer focus and communication in their institutions. Furthermore, this study recommended that TVET Institutions have to improve more on customer focus and communication.

Universities in Indonesia nowdays actively have created entrepreneurial courses; in addition, the university also continues to facilitate students with various means of entrepreneurial practice to provide support for students in developing their business. Purposes of this research is to test relationship between Literacy Ability in Entrepreneurship, University Support, and Entrepreneurial Interest among students. With survey research design, results found that entrepreneurial literacy ability significantly influences Entrepreneurial Interest, but organizational support variables do not significantly influence the Entrepreneurial Interest.

The study is the review of the effect of globalization on political economy of Nigeria. It tried to review the concepts of globalization by different authors, statement of problems. It further looked at political economy as a whole. The study highlighted the benefits of globalization to the Nigerian economy. It also reviewed the theory of mercantilism which was adopted by the study. The study therefore concluded thus: The Nigerian government is in the position to benefit from the experience of other nations by following their examples within the confine of globalization for the development of her economy. Our leaders should be proactive in the formulation of policies that will embrace total participation. There is need for us (Nigerians) to protect our common heritage resources and services like water, land, air, forest etc. from co modification and wanton privatization. Therefore, there is the need for the nation‟s new democracy to go beyond party politics, and the need to include civil society grassroots initiatives, and local ownership should be encouraged.

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of MSME business scale, business age and education of MSME owners towards accounting information. The population in this study was the owner / manager of typical food MSMEs in Malang City. The data analysis technique used multiple linear regression. The results showed that the scale of business and age of business did not have a significant effect on the accounting information used by MSME owners. So that SME owners are expected to continue to improve accounting knowledge by always attending training that can improve their abilities so that business success can be achieved.

Sexual harassment has been a growing phenomenon globally and in the last couple of decades gained lot awareness in Pakistan as well. This paper aims to understand what impact gender ratio has on sexual harassment which leads to job dissatisfaction and mental well-being of the employee. The populations selected for this quantitative research are human resource managers and working employees of from private/public organizations in Karachi. This research drafted a model where it was analysed that whether sexual harassment had an impact on task, job performance of employees and whether gender ratio moderated this relationship. The results clearly indicated that the lower proportion of women in organisations triggered sexual harassment and had a strong impact on task and job performance of employees and has a direct impact on the well-being of employees

The purpose of this quantitative research was to determine the best fit model on job performance of hotel personnel in the context of: organizational citizenship behavior, corporate social responsibility and human resource management in relation to endogenous variable –hotel personnel job performance. The study employed a non-experimental research design utilizing Structural Equation Model (SEM) in finding the best fit model. The data were collected using an adapted survey questionnaire to 400 hotel personnel in CARAGA Region. The results revealed that organizational citizenship behavior and human resource management have significant relationship with job performance. Further, the result showed that Structural Model 4 was the best fit model for job performance. The model indicated that all identified exogenous variables, the organizational citizenship behavior, corporate social responsibility and human resource management were key predictors of hotel personnel job performance.

The fulfilled needs demonstrate the welfare level. One way to know the level of community needs is through a pattern of household expenditure. The basic needs of society generally are transportation and food. The purpose of this study was to analyze the differences between single and married status in consuming foods and transportation. The method use in this study is quantitative research method. The data collected randomly from 100 respondents, based on their marital status. The married respondents are 19 while the single ones are 81. The analytical method used in this study is independent sample T-Test using SPSS V. 21.The results showed that the single and married respondents was not different with a sig. Value >0. 05 which are 0. 764 and 0. 838 but the t-test for equality means was negative so it indicates that group of married people have more demand than group single for both products, food and transportation

The fish farming Projects in Kiambu County has not performed as per the intended plans for food security, improving nutrition status, creating employment and eradication of poverty among the beneficiaries. Cost of inputs, technology and marketing challenges of individual farmers has rendered sustainability of profitability of farm pond projects uncertain. Despite the high number of fisheries projects born annually in the county, their mortality rate remains very high even though limited scholars are trying to research on the causative factors. The main objective of continuous improvement programs is not only to meet customer’s requirements, but to do it at the lowest cost as well, this study focused on the cost control area in project management. The general objective of this research was to determine the influence of cost control practices on the performance of fish farming projects funded by the Kiambu County government. Specifically, the study sought to determine the influence of budgeting, standard costing and financial training on performance of fish farming projects. The study was anchored on the performance theory, theory of budget and the theory of cost. The study was conducted using descriptive research design in order to drawan accurate snapshot of some aspects of cost control practices in fish farming projects. The target populations comprised 60 fish farming projects. Due to the manageable size of population, census approach was appropriate for the study. Structured questionnaires were used as the instrument for data collection. A pilot study was done in Nakuru County using six projects. Validity test of the research instrument was determined through consultation with university research supervisor and practitioners. The data was analyzed with the aid of Statistical Package for Social Sciences. Correlation analysis was used to estimate the strength and direction of the relationship between variables and regression model was used to make predictions about the population and analysis of the sample. The results were presented in tables. The study established that standard costing (r = 0.644**, p= .000) and financial training (r = 0.637**, p = .000) had a strong positive correlation with performance of fish projects while budgeting (r = 0.135, p = .355) had a weak positive correlation with performance of fish projects which indicates that the level of standard costing and financial training significantly influences the performance of fish farming projects in Kiambu County, Kenya. The fitted model R-square of 0.512 was an indication that the three cost control practices explained 51.2% of the variation in the performance of fish projects. The study concluded that standard costing and financial training was significant predictors of performance of fish farming projects while budgeting though a predictor was not significant at 5%. The study recommended that government agencies should enhance financial training amongst project participants in order to enhance their outputs. Further, standard costing should be structured into the project mechanism for enhanced performance. Since past studies report the importance of budgeting in the project process, mechanism of simplifying the budget process should be inculcated in the financial training programs.

Business competition between companies is increasingly fierce encouraging companies to produce the best performance. Companies must be able to create competitive advantage in order to produce economic value for the company better than competitors. This study aims to analyze the effect of supply chain management on competitive advantage and its impact on company performance. The research sample used in this study were 34 owners of Mobile and Credit Counter in Ambon City. The analysis technique used is Partial Least Square (PLS). Data from data analysis shows that supply chain management construct has a positive beta value of 0.794 and significant 0.000, this proves that supply chain management has a positive and significant effect on competitive advantage. The supply chain management construct also has a positive beta value of 0.652 and a significance of 0.000, this also proves that supply chain management has a positive and significant effect on company performance. The results also found that the construct of competitive advantage has a positive beta value of 0.327 and a significance of 0.004, this indicates that competitive advantage has a significant effect on firm performance. Keywords: supply chain management, competitive advantage and company performance.

These journal contain communication data, as well as other reference review especially navigating the high-risk operation area within Sungai Pulai and Port Tanjung Pelepas. The purpose of this guideline is to provide guidance to the Master and officers on board the ship with respect to the steps to be taken when an incident has occurred or is likely to occur. With restriction due to current, tide, wind direction, and traffic flow from inbound or outbound the Outer Port Limit (OPL) of Port Tanjung Pelepas, this plan will assist thae Master of vessel to coordinate and address any immediate emergency according to the law and regulation comply. Recognizing that there are a variety of options to improve efficiency including speed optimization, weather routing and hull maintenance, for example – and that the best package of measures for a ship to improve efficiency differs to a great extent depending upon ship type, cargoes, routes and other factors, the specific measures for the ship to improve energy efficiency will be identified. These measures will be listed as a package of measures to be implemented, thus providing the overview of the actions to be taken for that ship. Particularly, the topic discuss will evaluate the best approach for Risk Assessment Model and contribute the lowest factor of incidents or is likely to occur.

Roads are the major asset of any country and to conserve them, maintenance is essential. The study developed a multidimensional key outcome based contracting indicators of road maintenance projects by considering relevant measures of contractor performance and the factors that influence delivery success of these kinds of projects. The study was anchored on goal setting and expectancy theory. The study adopted descriptive research design and cross-sectional research design with census of the 54 respondents. Data was collected through questionnaires and interview schedule and was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics and thematic were applied to analyze data. Drop and pick later method was used to collect data and the respondents were given time to complete answering the items of the instrument. Preliminary analysis using the pilot test data was undertaken in Kiambu Region as it had similar characteristics with those of central region and thus ensured that the data collected would enable investigative questions to be answered. Descriptive analysis was reported using frequencies, percentages mean and standard deviation, while inferential statistics was reported by use of correlation and multiple linear regression analysis in order to establish the relationship between independent variable and the dependent variable. There existed a positive correlation between timeliness (r = 0.478) while regression results showed that the timeliness (β =0.731; p value = 0.011 and t value 4.685) and thus the null hypotheses was rejected. The government through Kenya roads board should strengthen capacity and capability to boost professionalism and performance of road contractors. Moreover, similar studies can be done in other parts of the country in order to enhance the generalization of items.

Work-related stress is a pattern of reactions that occurs when workers are presented with work demands that are not matched to their knowledge, skills or abilities, and which challenge their ability to cope. These demands may be related to time pressure or the amount of work (quantitative demands), or may refer to the difficulty of the work (cognitive demands) or the empathy required (emotional demands), or even to the inability to show one’s emotions at work. The main objective of this study was to establish the coping strategies for work-related stress on the performance of the Administration Police service in Narok County, Kenya. The study adopted a descriptive survey design. Data was collected using structured questionnaires and analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The study found that personal sphere sources of work-related stress were prevalent meaning much more is needed to ensure personal well being of Administration Police officers in Narok County. It was found that delegation of responsibilities and taking refuge in family friends were the leading options of coping with stress among Administration police officers in Narok County. Other significant coping strategies include visits to the chaplain often to cope with work related stressful situations and exercising regularly and maintaining a sense of humor respectively as the main ways of coping of with stress. Going to church, limited taking of alcohol, meditating, smoking, eating more sensibly, getting a massage and using other drugs were other ways adopted by officers to cope with stress. However, the findings revealed that, despite the coping strategies often used such as provision of leave/pass leave, disciplinary mechanisms and hospitalization for chronic stress cases, the occurrence of work related stress was still high. It can be concluded thus from these findings that the coping strategies currently in place are not adequate to prevent and manage effects of work related stress.

This purpose of the study was to establish the influence of outsourcing practices on performance of construction projects in public level four hospitals in Nakuru County, Kenya. The county grapples with the challenge of supply chain related performance notably; delayed delivery of essential drugs, supply interruptions, long lead times and inadequate health facilities, and social determinants of health such as widespread poverty, lack of infrastructure and lack of food security which are significant structural challenges in improving health outcomes. This study adopted a descriptive survey design which was deemed suitable and appropriate because the design clarifies a phenomenon under study by providing the opinions of the phenomena within a specified time frame. The target population of the study was all 60 staffs directly involved in the implementation of the construction projects at the seven level four hospitals in Nakuru County, Kenya. A pilot study was undertaken to establish the reliability and the validity of the research instrument. Before embarking on data collection, a research permit was sought and obtained. The collected data was first cleaned to ensure that only those questionnaires that were correctly filled were used in the final analysis. The collected data was then analyzed descriptively and inferentially with the aid of SPSS and the findings were presented in tables. The study established that there was a strong and positive correlation between outsourcing practices and performance of construction projects [r=0.622**]. From the regression model, it was established that Adjusted R-square of 0.357 implied that outsourcing practices explained 35.7% of performance of construction projects in public level four hospitals in Nakuru County, Kenya. The study recommends that construction project firms assess their activities critically to evaluate those that can be outsourced efficiently and thus lead to enhanced project performance.

The Administration Police force in Kenya is one of the country‟s national security organs charged with preservation of public peace. Since 2008, and for some time now, this unit has been in the limelight for the increased number of fatal incidents and professional errors by its personnel. The demand in terms of workload and work patterns, level of participation in decision making, resources availed for performance and relationships between juniors and their superiors more often act as stress triggers. The main objective of this study was to establish the effects of work related stress on the performance of the Administration Police service in Narok County, Kenya. The study adopted a descriptive survey design. Data was collected using structured questionnaires and analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics including frequency distribution tables, means, mode, ranking and percentages. Pearson‟s correlation coefficient(r) was used to determine the direction and strength of associations between variables while the Chi Square test was used to show significance of variables. The study found that gender, academic qualification, marital status of the officers, working units, rank and number of years in service were significant predictors of work-related stress (p<0.05) at 95% confidence interval. Further, 43.5%, 23.5% and 27.1% reported dissatisfaction with salary, carrying extra responsibilities and „perfectionist needs‟ in duty execution respectively as the three main sources of work-related stress. The study concluded that causes of work related stress are in the known spheres and addressing them may only involve interventions that have to address the root causes of and coping strategies. The study recommends that organizational structure and command need to be reviewed to make work environment stress free.

As an enterprise engaged in the education sector, it has become an obligation for universities to provide good services, especially academic services, using information technology and information systems. Academic services are administrative-technical work carried out both physically and logically offered by academics or admissions to students and other academic communities. In building an academic service system, careful planning is needed, because one of the factors in the failure of system implementation is the lack of good planning and by business needs, therefore it is necessary to create an enterprise architecture that will produce a blueprint that can be a guide and reference for activities academic information system planning and development services. The framework used to build this academic service system modeling is to use the TOGAF framework. The results of this study indicate that by implementing the TOGAF framework phase of architecture vision, business architecture, information systems architecture, and technology architecture, has resulted in improvements or solutions to improve academic service performance so that the problem of the absence of information systems in the organization can be solved with this architecture.

This study examines the impact of electronic banking on economic growth in Nigeria over the period of 2009 – 2018 using quarterly data. Secondary data were collected from the CBN statistical Bulletin and the Nigerian Bureau of Statistics so as to establish the relationship between the dependent variable (Real GDP) and the independent variables (Automated Teller Machines, Point-of-Sale, Internet Banking and Mobile Banking). The research adopted the Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) and the results of the analysis show that electronic banking has significantly impacted on the economic growth of Nigeria. The VECM result shows that R2 is 0.5897, which shows that the model explains about 58.97% of the total variations in Economic growth as explained by the independent variables during the period of the study, while 41.03% is explained by variables not included in the model. The result of the analysis shows that Electronic Banking has a significant relationship with Nigeria’s economic growth, while Point of Sales, Internet Banking and Mobile Banking, individually have no significant effect on Nigeria’s economic growth, while Automated Teller Machine has significant effect on economic growth in Nigeria for the period under consideration. The research recommends that the government should reduce the charges on the use of electronic means of transactions so as to encourage people to use them more often.

This study empirically examines the impact of inflation on poverty in Nigeria between the periods 2000-2018. The empirical results were estimated using the E-views software for the purpose of running Augmented Dickey Fuller test, which confirms the variables to be stationary at level and first difference. In view of the presence of mixed order of integration among the variables as evidenced by the unit root tests, Auto regressive distributed lag was conducted to determine the long run relationship between the series. The result shows that the independent variables have a joint significant relationship with POV with R-Square of 91.4%. It also shows that Inflation during the period under study has a negative but statistical relationship with poverty. The Granger Causality test conducted, shows that there is a uni directional causality flowing from poverty to inflation. the study concludes that the decreasing inflation rate will decrease the poverty level that the country has witnessed with that in check, recommendations were made to the Nigerian government to formulate effective macro-economic policies (fiscal discipline) to monitor and curtail inflation rate at a single digit and cushion the itseffect on the poor.

Nowadays, businesses believe in the importance of logistics to increase customer satisfaction and economic revenues. One of the most important aspects within Supply Chain Management (SCM) is distribution planning. For this, routing and network models are frequently used. However, as the number of locations to be served within a network increases, so is its complexity. In such cases, special methods and software are needed to provide the best solutions while being able to cope with the complexity of the problem within reasonable time. In this work two solving alternatives are explored for the Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP), which is one of the most important routing planning models with the logistic field. These alternatives consist of an evolutionary metaheuristic and an exact method, and their suitability are assessed by considering the quality of the solutions (routes of minimum distance or cost) and computational time. The advantages, disadvantages, similarities and differences between these methods are analyzed, providing support for their use within the decision-making processes of a case study.

In today’s world, succession planning has become a measure to sustaining the posterity of organisations; this line of thought has appealed to both the management of organisations and academia. This study aimed at examining succession planning and utilised a qualitative methodology; in addressing this aim, extant literature were reviewed in line with the evolution of succession planning, rationale for succession planning, challenges for succession planning, and the social exchange theory perspective to succession planning. The study also made recommendations and articulated the prospect for succession planning.

The present work reports an analysis regarding the importance of Industry 4.0 in business recovery during the post-COVID-19 era. While all industry sectors have been affected by this event, the automobile industries, and small and medium enterprises (SMEs), are the main entities that contribute to the World economics. In the presence of social distance measures, the technological support of Industry 4.0 would represent the communication and implementation infrastructure for re-activation of production processes.

This paper studied the financial accountability and internal control practices at Holy Spirit Catholic Parish in Lusaka, Zambia. The concept of financial accountability and internal control is just as relevant to churches as it is to profit seeking organizations. The embezzlement and mismanagement of funds from religious organisations particularly in churches is becoming common. Such disgraceful acts have raised a lot of concerns about the effectiveness of internal control systems in churches. Financial accountability is being responsibility for the way finances are used and managed. Internal controls are the mechanisms, rules and procedures implemented in an organization to ensure the integrity of financial and accounting information, promote accountability and prevent fraud. Financial Accountability and internal controls are some of the themes that dominate discussions in the media around the world. These are used to measure credibility in our time. This research is a cross-sectional case study which took a Pragmatic approach and mixed method research methodology was used. Purposive (expert) sampling was used and data was gathered from respondents using questionnaires and interviews. Quantitative data was analysed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) and qualitative data was analysed using content analysis. From the results of the study, the findings suggest that, the internal control systems did not operate effectively and efficiently to ensure that there is good financial accountability. There was laxity in the internal controls in finance management, these internal controls practiced by the respondent parish can be improved. A financial accountability and internal control measure model which the researcher has recommended for implemented has been designed. It has four dimensions of internal controls (preventive controls, detective controls, authorization controls and corrective controls) with financial accountability as the expected outcome.

The principle of mudharabah is a unique part of Islamic banking products, because it has a philosophical difference between the conventional banking system and Islamic banking which adheres to the principle of profit or loss. Mudharabah is a partnership business covering capital owners (Shahib al-mal) and business actors (mudharib), aiming to gain profit (al-ribh) and divided according to agreement in the contract. This research is library research. While this research approach uses a statute approach, because the problems in this study are approached with positive legal norms and Islamic law. The purpose of writing scientific papers is to determine the extent to which Islamic banking in optimizing Mudharabah contracts as products in Islamic banking. The results of this study are one of the institutions that can guarantee the continued maintenance of compliance with Sharia or Islamic law is the DSN-MUI which gives sharia compliance compliance authorities (Shariah Compliance) is the Sharia Supervisory Board (DPS). The implementation of the Mudharabah contract in the Islamic banking system is one form of banking compliance with the sharia principles that DPS-MUI has applied to Islamic banking.

This study is conducted to assess, investigate the policy of investing in improving competitiveness in the construction firms listed on the stock market. Data were collected from surveying construction firms doing business which are listed on the stock market in Vietnam. The primary sources of data collected from February 2019 to February 2020 in Vietnam. Based on the collected data, we employ both qualitative and quantitative methodology along with some tools such as descriptive statistics, Cronbach’s Alpha, T-test to analysis, evaluate and measure the policy of investing in improving competitiveness in the construction firms. The results show that there are six (6) attributes of the policy of investing in improving competitiveness in the construction firms and the policy of investing in improving competitiveness in the construction firms achieved an average of 3.71/5. Based on the findings, some recommendations are given for construction firms for improving the investment activities to improve competitiveness

The importance of organizational culture in organizations need not to be overlooked, it can be viewed as a tangible resource which organizations can utilize to gain competitive advantage over other organisations. Studies focusing on the influence of organizational culture on firm performance in the retail sector are scarce in developing countries like Zimbabwe. Therefore, the study was conducted to narrow this gap. The study conducted a cross-sectional survey of 140 retail management employees in Chinhoyi, Zimbabwe. The study employed the structural equation modelling to test the hypotheses. Results indicated that leadership, communication employee involvement and external stakeholders’ involvement positively influence firm performance.

There has been a rise in complaints by the public, professionals and other stakeholder‟s about the performance of Non-Governmental organizations in Kenya. This can be associated with supply chain management challenges. Non- Governmental Institutions in Kenya have for a long time been struggling with serious issues of poor supplier management where cases of misappropriation of funds have been reported because their current associations are based on trust and commitment which affects the delivery of services in terms a of efficiency and effectiveness of the supply chain management. The specific objectives of the study were to assess the influence of logistic management and order fulfillment on the performance of Non-governmental organization in Nakuru Town East and West Sub-Counties. The study was anchored on the concept of the contingency theory and the Bounded rationality theory of economics. The study adopted a descriptive research design. The target population was 84 officer in charge of procurement or store from 84 Non-governmental organization in Nakuru, town. Since the study population was small, a census design was adopted. Structured questionnaires were used to collect primary data from the respondents. Data collection process began by getting a formal letter from the university authorizing the field study. A pilot study was conducted in Eldoret town to establish the validity and reliability of the questionnaires. The study used SPSS Version 24 to analyze descriptive and inferential statistics. Descriptive statistics was used to show frequencies, percentages standard deviation and means while inferential statistics were used to show relationship between variables.

This article is written with an aim to review the literature from the start of the concept and the most famous model developed in the history of this subject. Three models presented in this paper and a strategic literature review is done. The readers of these papers can understand the full concept and related details in one document. For academicians, this paper can be helpful in making student understand the full details of the models that can be used for understanding and implications. For authors and researchers, this article contribute by putting all related literature at one place and can consult this paper for itemized tools in the context of calculation of the concept.

case study was conducted at SADC Plant Genetic Resources Centre on thirty-six employees to investigate the influence of fixed term employment on the flow of work at the institution. The specific objectives of the study were; (i) to investigate the influence of having fixed term employment on the workflow of SADC Plant Genetic Resources Centre, (ii) to suggest the necessary actions that need to be taken inorder to reduce the negative effects at the institution and (iii) to determine the ideal type of employment contract for senior employees superintending over longer term projects.

This study examined the relationship between the individual factors and internal Whistle blowing intentions in the Nigerian banking industry; The study relied solely on primary data sourced through the administration of a well-structured questionnaire and was conducted in banks' headquarters located in Lagos. The random sampling technique was used to select the banks, and the bank's employees were purposively selected because they are directly involved in the Whistle blowing processes. Yamane formula was used to determine the sample size of 397 employees out of the total population of 52,596. The multiple regression analysis showed that all the stated individual factors significantly affected the internal Whistle blowing intentions of employees in the Nigerian banking industry, where R2 = 0.207, F = (3, 396) = 34.295, P < 0.01. thus, there is a significant relationship between individual factors and internal Whistle blowing intentions in the Nigerian banking industry. The study, therefore, recommends that there is a need for direct organizational support from supervisors, top management, government, and independent bodies. They should "work the talk" by establishing a more functional protection scheme to adequately protect whistleblowers against possible attacks, loss of a job, among others.

In government agencies specifically the commercial state corporations, logistics remain a problem that has continually derailed the success of the procurement and supply chain process. However, it remains unclear on the role the outsourcing has played in promoting supply chain performance in these corporations. This study sought to establish the influence of logistic outsourcing services on supply chain performance in commercial state corporations in Nandi County, Kenya, specifically to establish the influence of transport outsourcing on supply chain performance in commercial state corporations in Nandi County; determine the influence of the distribution outsourcing on supply chain performance and to examine the influence of warehousing outsourcing on supply chain performance in commercial state corporations in Nandi County, Kenya. Descriptive research design was adopted and the study target population was the 14 commercial state corporations from which census was conducted. Self-administered questionnaires were used in the study as data collecting instruments. Qualitative and quantitative data was analyzed using SPSS. The study findings revealed that transport outsourcing, distribution outsourcing, and warehousing outsourcing have a positive significant influence on supply chain performance. The study concluded that prequalified commercial state corporation should improve on approach to transport outsourcing, distribution outsourcing, and warehousing outsourcing. The study recommends that Commercial State Corporation embrace Transport outsourcing techniques, transportation, Transport Management Software technology, outsourcing transportation, operational control analysis and Transport outsourcing.

Interest differences between pricipals and agents could lead into agency conflicts. Procedure control mechanisms are needed to prevent clashes, as well as harbour and concord these interests between the stakeholders through corporate governance. Corporate governance refers to systems, processes, structures, and sets of regulations that control the stakeholders to achieve efficient and fruitful corporate performances. The aim of this research is to determine the effects of of CG mechanisms on company performances. CG mechanisms were proxied by management and institutional ownership, audit committee, independent commissioners, and debt to equity; whereas company performances were measured by CFROA (financial performances) and Tobin’s Q (market performances). Samples were obtained from manufacture companies listed in Indonesian Stock Exchange from 2013 to 2017. Sampling technique used was purposive sampling. 44 companies were sampled with summed observations of 220. This research used panel data analysis method. The result showed management and institutional ownership, audit committee, independent commissioners, and debt to equity simultaneously and significantly affected corporate performances (CFROA and Tobin’s Q). Management and institutional ownership, as well as independent commissioners increased CFROA. On the other hand, audit committee and debt to equity positively affected Tobin’s Q (market performances).

Sustainable procurement is the pursuit of sustainable development objectives through the purchasing and supply process, and involves balancing environmental, social and economic objectives. Research shows that sustainable procurement offers great advantages; it can promote production efficiency for suppliers, help employees to improve labor relations and save costs. However, despite government encouragement and support, the implementation of sustainable procurement in counties in Kenya has not achieved the expected results. The purpose of this study therefore was to analyze the influence of human resource capacity on the implementation of sustainable public procurement in Nyandarua County, Kenya. The study was anchored on the Resource Dependence Theory. The study employed a survey design since it permits gathering of data from the respondents in natural settings. The target population for this study comprised 50 procurement staff in the 10 county ministries in Nyandarua County, Kenya. Since the target population of 50 procurement staff was fairly small, the study undertook a census study. The study purposively targeted procurement staff in each of the county ministries. The study used a self-administered questionnaire with closed-ended questions. Primary data was sourced from the responses the participants provided during the survey. The questionnaire was piloted in Nakuru County, Kenya to evaluate its validity and reliability of the instrument. The data collected from the questionnaires was analyzed using both descriptive (means and standard deviations) and inferential statistics (correlation and regression) with the aid of the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). The results of the survey were presented in tables. The study established that there was a moderate and positive correlation between human resource capacity [r = 0.434**, p = .004] and implementation of sustainable public procurement. The fitted model R square of 0.189 implied that human resource capacity explained 18.9% of implementation of sustainable public procurement. The study therefore recommends that counties should develop HR capacity in order to enhance implementation of sustainable public procurement.

The challenges associated with managing talent in contemporary times are a constant source of debate among academics and consultants, but the literature on the theme is sparse and has grown somewhat irregularly. We proffer an overview of the literature on talent management, a body of work that spans several paradigms, as well as a clear statement as to what explains talent management. The new themes in talent management focus on its complexities, including issues of labour markets as well as the general task of dealing with labour uncertainty; and strategic jobs for which investments in talent are likely to yield the greatest return. We review practical themes on modern dimensions, its locus and further outlining its progression over time; which qualitatively formed our bases for generalization of the facts and conclusion proffered.

Hyderabad is one on the global cities which is known for its rapid infrastructural grown and development in field of information technology. [1] Currently Hyderabad is having an easy mobility for its residents and tourists from all over the world. The project called Hyderabad metro rail, which is developed by Larsen and turbo company and started its operations in 29 November 2017 .[2] The metro stations are equipped with kiosks which will help the transistors be rejuvenated while on transit. [3] These kiosks are strategically planned in terms of infrastructure, space and the kind of food they offer to their customers. The kiosks will be replacing the use of coffee on the whole with a resembling product- CHICORY that has better health benefits when compared to coffee. Chicory is not only healthier but also has no caffeine content in it. Moreover, it's way cheaper than coffee. Through this paper , we try to enlighten the advantages of chicory over coffee not only in Hyderabad metro kiosks but also in everyday life. The current paper is a well conducted research on the use of chicory in the metro stations and the benefits it has over consuming coffee. There are various objectives that are achieved through a rigorous market research including financial viability of chicory.

The central government gives authority to each regional government to regulate, manage, and optimize its regional resources to meet government funding in the context of implementing regional development through Regional Own Source Revenue (PAD). This study aims to determine the level of effectiveness and contribution of regional tax revenue to Regional Own Source Revenue (PAD). This research uses descriptive method with ratio analysis, which are the ratio of effectiveness to find out how effective the tax revenue from each regional tax post and the ratio of contribution to calculate the contribution of each regional tax post revenue. This study uses secondary data from Realization Report of the Regional Tax Revenue obtained from the Regional Financial Management and Asset Management Agency (BPPKAD) of Surakarta City in 2010-2018. The results showed that the level of effectiveness of regional tax revenue in the city of Surakarta in 2010-2018 is very effective. There is an ineffectiveness of regional tax revenue at the beginning of the determination of a tax become regional tax. Regional tax also contributes very well to the Regional Own Source Revenue of Surakarta City. This research is expected to increase knowledge for taxpayers, especially business people, will be more obedient in fulfilling their obligations to pay regional taxes and can be a suggestion for the government in determining policies to increase regional tax revenue.

The public sector is now concerned with a focus on achieving more with fewer resources. Resources are shrinking and increasing demand for better quality results. There is an increasing need to improve efficiency and accountability for results. It is a global trend using Results Based Management to improve public sector performance. The governments world over have been experiencing scarcity of resources. In an effort to make use of scarce resources to improve public sector, the Government of Zimbabwe introduced Results Based Management in 2005 championed by a consultant from Malaysia where the management tool has been successful. The tool emphasised on achieving quality results with the use of limited resources. This paper seeks to examine the implementation of RBM approach in Government of Zimbabwe has faced, with successes, challenges and disappointments which have been documented and experienced.