Based on social network theory, the article takes the co-patent network of China's mobile phone industry from 2003 to 2017 as the research object. Poisson regression model is used to investigate the impact of network structure embeddedness on innovation output. The empirical research results show that, (1) there exists optimal cooperation size for firms in the co-patent network, that is, moderate degree centrality may mean higher innovation output; (2) occupying more structural hole positions in the co-patent network may increase firms' innovation output; and (3) higher clustering coefficients significantly reduce firms’ innovation output.

The purpose of this study is to measure the tax knowledge and tax morale of government treasurers in colleges in complying with the taxation provisions. The study was conducted at four government colleges in West Java using a descriptive analytic method with a qualitative approach. The results show that treasurers have tax knowledge and tax morals that are good in complying with tax regulations so there are not many obstacles in fulfilling their tax obligations. The limitations of this research are that the research is still not wide enough so that there is still very limited data obtained.

The study we present aims to explore several factors pertaining to Consumer Acceptance of business technology as it related to Blockchain. Identifying and developing the relevant measures is of importance to business technology managers and software development managers today. We ask the important question of “what measures best represent the established constructs of the technology acceptance model?” In order to address this issue, it is important to identify the key measurements that help us to understand the proposed constructs as they relate to blockchain technology as well as confirm their validity in isolation and in combination with each other. In this study, the factors we explore are perceived reputation, risk, and usefulness and transaction intentions. A survey was used whereby the methodology adapted previous measurements from related works and new measurements pertaining to usefulness and risk were developed in order to adhere to blockchain’s consumer acceptance framework. 268 students completed the questionnaire and an exploratory factor analysis was used in order to analyze the constructs and their measurements. Through the results we were able to identify and validate the relevant measurements as well as the proposed constructs.

Growing incidents of cyber hacking and security breaches of information systems (e.g., Sony, Target, JPMorgan Chase, Home Depot, Cathay Pacific Airlines) threaten the sustainability of many firms and costs the U.S. economy more than $100 billion annually. Business organizations should take these threats seriously and improve their Information Technology (IT) governance and compliance, and cybersecurity risk assessment and controls to effectively prevent cyber hacking and cybersecurity breaches. The existence and persistence of cyber-attacks has elevated expectations for boards of directors to exert greater risk and compliance oversight and for executives to develop and implement managerial strategies for risk management processes to combat cyber-attacks. This paper examines the importance and relevance of IT governance measures including the board oversight function and managerial risk assessment strategies in preventing cyber-attacks. This paper provides policy, practical and research implications.

This study examined the effect of microfinance banks on the performance of women-owned enterprises in Benue State, Nigeria. The study focused on women entrepreneurs who are clients of selected Microfinance Banks in Makurdi Metropolis, Benue State. The study specifically examined the effect of microfinance loan services, microfinance saving services and microfinance training services on the performance of women-owned enterprises in Benue State. A survey design was adopted for the study and questionnaire was used for data collection. The population consists of 68 owners of women-owned enterprises in Makurdi metropolis, Benue State. A census sampling method was adopted and the entire population was used for this study. Simple percentages, mean and standard deviation were used for data presentation and analysis while regression analysis was used for test of hypotheses. Findings of the study revealed that microfinance loan services, microfinance saving services and microfinance training services have significant effect on the performance of women-owned enterprises in Benue State. The study concludes that microfinance banks services significantly affect the performance of women-owned enterprises in Benue State. The study recommended amongst others that microfinance banks should always give loans to female entrepreneurs in Benue State with low interest rates in order to encourage them to expand their businesses and improve their standard of living.

Community welfare is one of the ultimate goals that is expected by each region. Various efforts have been designed and implemented by the local government to increase the growth for the region itself and subsequently are expected to have a positive impact on the welfare of the community. One of the efforts made by the regional government in the discussions carried out with the implementation of development. This study aims to study the role of the government in CSR implementation programs that have an impact on people's welfare significantly. This research was conducted by using quantitative research methods and using path analysis. The results of the study show that the government rules and implementation of CSR programs are able to improve the welfare of the community of Kampung Warna-Warni Jodipan, Malang.

The purpose of this article is to examine the effect of customer service departments' employee behavior such as friendliness, helpfulness and respectfulness on customer satisfaction. Data was collected through closed structure paper questionnaire with seven-point Likert scale from twenty-two commercial banks located at Surkhetvalley. Simple random sampling technique was applied to select 202 respondents. IBM SPSS 20 version was used to analyze the data. Regression statistical tool was used to test the hypothesis. The finding of this study is friendliness, helpfulness and respectfulness behavior of employee has positive impact on customer satisfaction.

The concept of statehood in international law is basically enumerated in the 1933 Montevideo Convention which provides four characteristics of a State in its Article 1: (a) a permanent population; (b) a defined territory; (c) government; and (d) capacity to enter into relations with the other States. The Montevideo criteria are so far the most frequently quoted to be the elements of statehood. However, it remains uncertain that these criteria conclusively determine the existence of statehood since there were numerous disagreement among modern writers. Although the concept of state has been well-established by the 1933 Convention, in Islam, such concept has been practiced a long time ago by the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) and His Companions. Therefore, this article attempts to make comparison between the concept of state in the Montevideo Convention 1933 and Islamic law with reference to the Quranic verses, the practice of the Prophet (PBUH) and His Companions, and the writings of modern Islamic scholars. This article is a qualitative legal study where the data compiled through library research method. The article finds that, while both concepts are in harmonious to each other criteria-wise, but the discussion of each criterion indicates glaring differences between them since both concepts are based on different sources of law, values and underlying principles.

In this paper we discuss the decision making process in an organization for effectiveness. In this process including six important steps useful for organization effectively done. In such complex and fast changing organization environment, manager and employees are faced with many problem and they have make decision. Decision making is an integral part of the management of any organization. (Pearce II & Robinson- 1989) indicate that decision making is inevitable because to explicitly avoid making a decision is in itself to make a decision. Managers are usually making many decision some of them strategic and other operational. Decision making is referred to as the heart of the management process (Mann 1976). Decisions are long, complex, highly unstructured and risky and have great impact on the future on organization. Decision making is the process of making choices by identifying a decision, gathering information, and assessing alternative resolutions. Using a step-by-step decision-making process can help you make more deliberate, thoughtful decisions by organizing relevant information and defining alternatives.

Ethiopia is endowed with various cultural and natural attractions from the tops of the rugged Simien Mountains to the depths of the Danakil Depression. About 14% of the total land area of country is covered by officially defined protected areas and national parks for wildlife and forest. National parks play an integral role in the conservation and preservation of biodiversity and the provision of other benefits associated with the maintenance of ecological integrity currently the most crucial policy poser in Ethiopia is sustainability and conservation of environmental resources, for their economic valuation is an effective operational tool for designing policies in relation to their sustainable use. When a market for a certain good is suitably competitive, economic behavior can be studied all the way through the market-pricing instruments but in the case of natural resource and environmental goods and services, non-marketing approach like travel cost method and willingness to pay are particular methods of economic valuation of national parks. In Ethiopia 6.8% national GDP gain by tourism and consecutively Ecotourism is on the progresses of development for the nation. The core aim of this review to provides analytical opportunities from the perspectives of conserving national park and the development tourism industry and tourism entrepreneurship. Therefore, both government and non government organization of Ethiopia has recognized development and promotion of ecotourism and provided consultancy services for conserve and potentially developers of ecotourism sites. Increasing the awareness of local communities and around attraction area towards ecotourism or nature tourism is very important.

The purpose of this study is to measure the concentration level of inpatient health care providers such as general hospitals, psychiatric hospitals, chronic medical care home, nursing homes, hospices in Poland, which will allow to identify inequities to access to inpatient health care services. The Herfindahl-Hirschman Index (HHI) was used to investigate the concentration level of the inpatient health care providers sector in Poland, which is also treated in the literature as a proxy of competition. To understand how market of each particular inpatient health care providers has become structured and thus competitive the data for inpatient health care providers spanning all Poland for the period of 2010-2017 were collected. The concentration of inpatient health care providers was measured based on the aggregated data at the voivodeship level and for general hospitals, it was measured separately in each of the 16 voivodeships in Poland based on the aggregated data at the powiat level. This approach arises from the limitation in the availability of data Data are collected from the public statistical system. The HHI indices support the assertion that in the period of analysis the entire inpatient health care providers sector in Poland has not been at average concentrated – apart from the nursing homes where the moderate level of concentration was identified. Moreover, the increase of HHI in analyzed period in case of hospices and chronic medical care homes can be troublesome, because it can signal of growing concentration in the future and then getting also less competitive. However, concentration of general hospitals when analyzed at the lower level of hospital structure appeared uneven.

It is now generally accepted in the M&A domain that most mergers fail. And yet despite the dangers and horror sagas associated with M&A transactions, these types of business combinations are here for good because they are now the principal route to rapid business growth for many firms.The burning question therefore is: how can firms that aspire to grow through mergers and acquisitions increase their chances of success?The point of departure for M&A should be development of an M&A strategy that is anchored on the firm‟s overall business strategy. The firm should adopt a structured approach that covers the whole M&A process; set metrics for evaluating M&A targets; and actively engage in searching for potential targets. The criteria used to spot the right target could include business strategy, potential synergies, market availability, scale of activities, geographical location, technology, market growth potential and, business and culture fit. The type of merger should be another consideration, in which case bottom-trawlers, bolt-ons, line extension equivalents and consolidation mature, all with over 50% success rate, should be prioritized.The firm should then carry out comprehensive due diligence and objectively/accurately evaluate synergies. With respect to synergies, the acquirer should establish beforehand what synergies exist, where those synergies exist and how they will be extracted. Once a deal is closed, it is necessary to establish its success or failure, post-merger.M&A success should be considered from the shareholders of the acquirer‟s perspective, and an M&A should be judged successful if Net RealisableSynergies exceed Acquisition Purchase Premium. M&A critical success factors include merger segmentation considerations, the type of acquisition, timing, APP, effective integration, economic certainty and accurate target valuation.

Based on the data of Japanese Prime metropolitan area from 1955 to 2013, this paper studies the effect of industry agglomeration and population aggregation on economic growth in Tokyo metropolitan area. Through the processing of the panel data, we find that the industry agglomeration in Japanese Prime metropolitan region has apparently positive impacts on its economic growth, and also, population aggregation can positively effects its economic growth. Following this paper is try to carry out research on Tokyo —the core city of Japanese Prime metropolitan area, to study the influence of industry agglomeration on its economic growth. This paper thinks that in the process of the development of the city group, due to resource constraints, the manufacturing output unit of land demand big industry will gradually from the degree of economic development is relatively high in the whole city and the city to evacuate, inside, labor resources are gradually to the regional flow of high GDP per capita output.

In an uncertain environment, today's companies have an interest in attracting and retaining employees who are able to manage change. Knowing and managing your employees well is of paramount importance. They would therefore benefit from broadening their vision of human resources management while drawing on neuroscientific contributions. The combination of these two disciplines makes it possible to create a new management style that is nothing other than neuromanagement, which aims to study the conditions and processes that contribute to the development and well-being of individuals and the optimal functioning of companies. The objective of this work is to study the impact of neuromanagement on human resources performance. This research will then be completed by a quantitative empirical study with a sample of large Moroccan companies.

Inter-firm alliances have been regarded as an effective mechanism for acquiring specialized complementary assets and achieving synergies. Although previous literatures have provided important insights on inter-firm technology alliances, few scholars have paid attention to the impact of types of R&D alliances, business similarity and relative size on the value creation for focal firms. Taking the listed firms involved in technological alliances in China’s IT industry as the sample, the article empirically investigated the impact of technological alliance announcements, and characteristics inter-firm technological alliances on the abnormal returns for focal firms is empirically discussed. The results show that technological alliance announcements may increase the abnormal returns for focal firms, and technological alliance announcements by relatively smaller firms can significantly increase their abnormal returns. While the declaration of the technological alliances of firms in similar industries have a significant impact on abnormal returns, while the declaration of dissimilar firms has an insignificant impact on abnormal returns.